Deshnok Temple, Bikaner: The Temple of Rats and Its Spiritual Significance

Located around 30 kilometers south of Bikaner in Rajasthan, the Deshnok Temple is a unique and revered pilgrimage site, famous for its unusual inhabitants: thousands of rats that live within the temple complex. Known as the Karni Mata Temple, this sacred site is dedicated to Karni Mata, a Hindu goddess believed to be an incarnation of Goddess Durga. The temple is renowned not only for its spiritual significance but also for the fascinating story behind the rats, which have become an integral part of the temple’s cultural and religious identity.

The History and Legend of Karni Mata

The Deshnok Temple is dedicated to Karni Mata, a revered figure in Rajasthan and North India. According to popular legend, Karni Mata was a mystic woman born in the 14th century in the region, and she was said to possess miraculous powers. She is believed to have had the ability to cure ailments, grant blessings, and perform miracles. One of the most well-known stories associated with Karni Mata is the tale of her intervention in the lives of a family.

It is said that once, a young boy from a family in Deshnok drowned in a pond. Karni Mata prayed to Yama, the god of death, requesting that the boy be brought back to life. Yama, impressed by her devotion, revived the boy but transformed him and all other family members into rats. This legend is believed to be the origin of the temple’s association with rats. To this day, it is believed that the rats are the reincarnations of the family members, and worshipping them is considered an act of reverence to Karni Mata.

The Unique Feature: The Rats of Deshnok

The most striking and unique feature of the Deshnok Temple is the large population of rats that live freely within its premises. Known as kabbas, these rats are considered sacred and are revered as the embodiments of the devotees' ancestors. The rats roam the temple freely, often seen scurrying around the floors, temple walls, and even the food offerings. It is believed that the rats bring good fortune and blessings to the pilgrims who visit.

Visitors are encouraged to treat the rats with the utmost respect and care, and many pilgrims consider it a blessing if one of these rats runs across their feet. While some may find this unusual, the presence of the rats is a deeply spiritual and symbolic aspect of the temple. It is also common for devotees to offer food to the rats, as it is believed that feeding them will earn blessings from Karni Mata.

Architecture of Deshnok Temple

The architecture of the Deshnok Temple is a magnificent representation of traditional Rajasthani style. The temple complex is made of white marble and intricately carved stone, with ornate detailing and beautiful frescoes adorning the walls. The structure is designed to reflect the grandeur and spiritual significance of the goddess it honors.

The main entrance of the temple is decorated with intricate carvings and symbols, and upon entering, pilgrims are greeted by a central courtyard surrounded by colonnades. In the center of the temple stands a statue of Karni Mata, carved out of black stone, and is adorned with flowers, jewels, and offerings from devotees. The temple’s sanctum is illuminated with soft lighting, creating an otherworldly atmosphere for those who come to offer prayers.

The marble floors and intricate carvings in the temple are well-preserved, and the quiet sound of rats scurrying about enhances the mystical feeling of the place. The roof of the temple is supported by large wooden beams, some of which are adorned with brass bells that create a melodious sound as the wind blows.

Spiritual Significance and Pilgrimage

Deshnok Temple is a prominent pilgrimage site for Hindus, especially for those from Rajasthan and surrounding regions. Devotees visit the temple to seek the blessings of Karni Mata, requesting her help in matters related to health, prosperity, and family well-being. Many pilgrims come here to perform religious rituals and participate in the annual fairs that take place during Navratri, a Hindu festival dedicated to Goddess Durga.

The belief that the rats are sacred, and the understanding that they symbolize ancestors, is central to the temple’s spiritual appeal. Pilgrims come to honor their forebears by paying homage to the rats, which is considered a way of showing respect and gratitude. It is common for people to take the temple’s prasad (offering) to bring back blessings to their homes.

The temple also plays a significant role in Rajasthani folklore and culture, with local communities attributing various miraculous events and success in life to the blessings of Karni Mata. The temple stands as a symbol of faith, mystery, and devotion, attracting thousands of visitors each year, including both locals and tourists.

Visiting the Deshnok Temple

Visitors to Deshnok Temple will notice the respectful atmosphere and the interesting blend of reverence and curiosity that the temple generates. While some may be taken aback by the large number of rats, most people quickly realize that they are an integral part of the spiritual experience. Pilgrims and tourists alike are advised to remove their shoes before entering the temple, as is customary in most Hindu places of worship.

Photography inside the temple is not allowed to ensure the sacredness of the site is maintained. However, visitors are welcome to take photographs of the temple’s exterior and surrounding area.

For those interested in experiencing local Rajasthani culture, there are several small shops and food stalls near the temple selling traditional Rajasthani handicrafts, sweets, and souvenirs. The atmosphere around the temple is often filled with the sounds of devotional songs, creating a serene environment for worshippers.